Use of antibiotics in poultry and poultry farmers- a cross-sectional survey in Pakistan

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) which has been ascribed to be due community carriage of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is highly prevalent in the WHO South-East Asia region. One major reasons for this misuse antibiotics animal farming practices and at level, threatens both human health. However, problem antibiotic poultry farms respective farmers not well studied countries like Pakistan. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study rural Punjab explore current use farmers, associated factors, their healthcare-seeking behavior biosecurity practices. Results In context poultry, 60% comprised Colistin sulfate Amoxicillin trihydrate whereas considered as last resort antibiotic. addition, significant consumption (60%) (50%) was without prescription by either health physicians or veterinarians. Most (85%) had no wastewater drainage system, resulted direct shedding waste residue into surrounding environment. The lack farmers’ education, professional farm training experience were most factors with knowledge AMR. Conclusion Our findings show that it necessary an integrated AMR policy inclusion all educated, mass awareness program undertaken strict usage guidelines available them. Such initiatives are also important ensure food safety